Build A Community,Build A Site

By Robin C. Trehan (B.A, MIB, MBA)

Thursday, 17th November 2005

Why have Enterprise Resource Planning systems also called Enterprise Systems been so successful among so many companies. ERP systems or ES have come to be known as the panacea of not only the information and systems problems that a company, global or local, might face but also as key drivers in defining corporate strategy. This is primarily because of the following benefits of ERP systems: Easier access to reliable information An integrated ERP system provides an opportunity to improve data reporting, to ensure accurate, consistent, comparable data for use across the different business units of the organization. Elimination of redundant data and operations At the core of any ERP system is the centralized database system where all the data is maintained. Thus data entered from anywhere in the organization is stored in this central database and can be accessed by all the functional areas. This eliminates re-entering of data from one application to the other, reduces the operational expenses for the company and helps to streamline the flow of data entry and access. Reduction of cycle times- ERP allows business decision to be analyzed enterprise-wide. This results in time reductions for receiving and disseminating information from one business unit to the other in the organization, which in turn helps reduce cycle time, improve on time delivery. Imitation of the best practices of the organization- A successful ERP system not only provides technological advantage but also mimics the strategy of the company to translate technological wizardry in systems to net profits on the balance sheet of the company through business process reengineering. Allowance for flatter organization- With the advent of ERP system, information is available across all layers of an organization and this leads to leaner and meaner organizations in this information age and redundant processes and layers are done away with. Standardization of information- The configuration tables of any major ERP system ensure that the nomenclature of parameters remains constant and is used in the same manner by each division in the company. For example it helps in defining measures like net profit the same way in each business unit across the company in its financial module or ensures that each part/component has a unique order number which can be used by the sales executive at the point of sale and the machinist on the shop floor in manufacturing. Capacity to meet growth needs of the organization- ERP systems are scalable and designed to respond quickly to meet the new business demands. They can be easily changed or expanded without disrupting the course of business. Why have Enterprise Resource Planning systems been failures in some companies? ERP systems are complex pieces of software and their installation requires large investments in time, money and expertise. The technical challenges are not the one primarily responsible for failure of ERP systems but the biggest problems are the business problems: Companies fail to reconcile the technological imperatives of the enterprise systems with the business needs of the enterprise itself. This leads to nothing but aimless implementation of the ERP system only to discover later on that the processes are in conflict with the strategy of the company. It also means elongated or never attainable ROI periods for the company. The implementation itself is very time consuming, expensive and arduous task. More than the technological aspect it is riddled with organizational issues like changing the culture, dealing with internal politics and the need for general consensus to accept the company wide information processing system. These factors only prolong the implementation process. ERP systems force their customers to re-engineer current practices to fit within the processes described by their modules. Selecting the wrong ERP software could lead to an unwilling commitment to an incompatible architecture and applications. There is risk of outsourcing the IT department within the company if all of the enterprise systems are handled by a single vendor. It is possible in such cases that the system improvements and upgrades do not follow the business cycle. It is a tendency of many companies that implement ERP to try and incorporate all the features of the software without assessing its value to the company. ERP systems that are not easy to use and navigate or the users haven not been trained on it for a sufficient time can simply be rejected by the users in the company. The selection process and purchase decision of an ERP software package is sometimes handled by incompetent people who have insufficient knowledge, so errors committed even before the implementation has kicked off can be irreversible in the later stages of the project. Budgetary constraints or poor resource allocation can prove to be roadblocks for successful implementation and functioning of the ERP systems. The lack of local support infrastructure, unclear annual maintenance agreements and scarce availability of reference sites of the ERP vendor can all lead to failure of ERP systems once they are implemented Lack of integration between the various components of the ERP system, in case of a multi vendor system or with best of breed system and legacy systems can lead to compatibility issues that restrict the seamless flow of information across the organization As it been rightly said of ERP systems: If the management does not carefully control the development of an enterprise system then the management might find itself under the control of the system. Choose the right one after doing a proper analysis.

Are you working harder or smarter?

Shirley Taylor

Tuesday, 7th November 2006

We all hear the old saying thatwe should "work smarter - not harder" but how many of us actuallyabide by this? It's easier said than done, isn't it?

Experts actually say the key to working smart is to be more effective, notnecessarily more efficient. Efficiency is doing the job right. Effectiveness,on the other hand, is doing the right job! Think about that! Here are my tentop tips for managing your time more effectively:

1. Figure out when you are at your peak

I know I work better from 9am to noon, so that's when I try to do my mostimportant tasks. Figure out when you are at your prime and plan carefullyaround this.

2. Turn off your e-mail notifier

Do you really need the pop-up or 'ding' every few minutes? Try turning off youre-mail notifier when you need to concentrate on an important project, then youreally can focus.

3. Expect the unexpected

Block out some planning time. Everyone needs some time for thinking, so try tobuild in some flexibility into your daily routines.

4. Say NO occasionally

Sometimes we may have to be assertive and say 'no' if something is not urgentor a priority. Saying no courteously may be seen as a strength rather than aweakness.

5. Set priorities

Categorise tasks according to priority, for example:

1 = The task is urgent and important

2 = It's important but not urgent

3 = It's not urgent but not important

4 = Its not urgent and not important

6. Stay focused in meetings

How many meetings have you attended where people go off at tangents? It helpsto be clear about the agenda before meetings, and make sure everyone knows whatthe objectives are. This will help you stay focused and keep the discussionheading in the right direction.

7. Clear out your clutter

I know I can't work effectively if my desk is a mess with lots of paperworkeverywhere. So once in a while I have a good clearing and sorting session, andI clear out the clutter on my desk, trays, drawers and files. It's amazing howmuch better I always feel once the clutter is gone!

8. Remember to take a break

We all tend to make more mistakes when we are tired or stressed, so learn torecognise the symptoms when you are flagging and take a break from your work.Yes Mom, I hear you... this is something I'm not so good at!

9. Don't procrastinate

Tackle what's right now in the present and don't let procrastination get in theway. It's amazing how great it feels when you can tick off those items on yourto-do list!

10. Adopt a positive attitude

Keep your mindset positive. See solutions instead of problems. See positivesinstead of negatives. Do your tasks with a happy heart, and smile!

 By Dr. John Hogan, CHA MHS CHE Friday, 3rd April 2009

The current economic dilemma facing many hotels globally is attributable to many factors; the lack of credit availability, uncertainty on employment and general caution by consumers and companies alike are eroding occupancies and revenues in many lodging establishments. This fiscal crisis is hardly new to the hospitality and tourism industries. In my business career, I can identify at least six major economic downturns that have included energy shortages, high rates of inflation, insolvent financial institutions that lent too much with no or little equity, and negative general global cycles. Without a doubt, the concern about credit, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and the business roller coaster rides in the global stock markets are very real. By that same analysis, hotel owners and managers cannot immediately affect those stock variations or political decisions but they can make the difference in strengthening the core of their individual businesses. For many hotels, that means a change in operational practice – it means embracing the spirit and results of empowerment. What does that word really mean? Empowerment – if one looks in a typical thesaurus, the word does not show any similarities or results. Does this mean that empowerment is going to provide more work or more results? The online Encarta Dictionary shows some verbs alluding to “giving authority to somebody” or to give somebody power or authority. This definition indicates it is often a passive action. A second definition is “to make more confident or assertive” or to give somebody a greater sense of confidence or self-esteem. By contrast, this second definition appears to be more action oriented but the reality is that is still means extending that sense of trust and belief in others. “Without empowerment, an organization will never be a service leader. Empowerment is the most critical skill an employee can master and a company can drive in order to lure and keep customers.” John Tschoh, founder and president of Service Quality Institute Empowerment in the world of hospitality means that staff members at the front line (and hopefully everywhere) have been trained to more clearly understand the reality of the business, and the value of each customer. With that training, the staff then can accept and want more authority, which helps everyone to help achieve the hotel’s goals. Owners and senior managers now share those goals with more than the executive team. Everyone can be enthusiastic about the hotel’s reputation, profitability and the staff is more motivated to take the initiative to deliver that one extra step. Both personally and as an educator, I have come to recognize we all learn in different ways. With that in mind, I am recommending two short books as suggested reading for managers who are looking to expand the quality and service delivery of their hotels. The first is a sequel by Ken Blanchard, John Carlos, and Alan Randolph. Blanchard (of the One Minute Manager series fame) excels at focused, short scenarios that are easy to follow with detailed, hands-on answers to real-world questions about how to can navigate the journey to empowerment. The book promotional verbiage explains n how the process requires ongoing effort, awareness, and commitment to transforming the hierarchy. This is written in a Q&A format and expands on the previous book “Empowerment Takes More Than a Minute” The second book is an amusing one that is easy to read quickly but it does require some thought and reflection. Written in the fable type scenario of "Who Moved My Cheese?”, it focuses on illustrating rather than telling how managers can develop their leadership skills in a matter of hours, rather than months. I borrowed this book from my library, but then went to Amazon.com for additional insights and ordering info. There I found an excellent review of the book by John Chancellor of New Orleans www.teachthesoul.com that I feel is worth sharing: “Squawk gives you three simple and easy to implement steps to becoming a more effective manager. The book presents these steps in a very engaging story form. But first let's review some of the reasons you need to take Squawk seriously. • Thirty-two percent of employees spend at lest twenty hours per month complaining about their bosses. (Probably a lot of those twenty hours are on company time). • More than 66% of employees are actively considering leaving their current job. • Employers suffer in excess of $360 billion in annual losses due to employee dissatisfaction. • Most managers believe their focus should be in bringing in the numbers ... but most get fired because of poor people skills. Travis Bradberry uses the seagull as a symbol for today's manager. All too often today's manager swoops in, fails to get complete details of what is happening, squawks up a storm, deposits/dumps on the workers and leaves a mess for others to clean up. The seagull manager is showing up more and more in today's workplace. Bradberry gives three simple but effective techniques to shift the way you manage. 1. Set full-fledged expectations - make sure the employee's efforts are spent doing the right things the right way. Let them know what is expected and how they will be evaluated in the future. Be sure to get agreement and commitment to work toward established goals. 2. Communication that clicks - too often managers do not communicate enough and only communicate when things go wrong. Observe what employees say, do, and speak openly with them about their work. Communication clicks when it is frequent and in a language everyone understands. 3. Paws on Performance - pay attention to each employee's performance - offer praise as often as constructive feedback. Keep your paws on performance.” This article is titled A different appraisal of our biggest challenges in 2009. • Are your challenges mainly in the global markets or has the delivery of service become tedious and dull to your guests and staff? • When was the last time you sat down and assessed the level of training and empowerment given to your front line? • How satisfied are your guests and staff? Please share an idea for a column or contact me regarding consulting, customized workshops or speaking engagements at johnjhogan@yahoo.com anytime. Autographed copies of LESSONS FROM THE FIELD - a COMMON SENSE APPROACH TO EFFECTIVE HOTEL SALES can be obtained from THE ROOMS CHRONICLE www.roomschronicle.com & other industry sources.

A Leadership Evolution.

By Roger E. Herman, CSP, CMC, FIMC

Saturday, 1st July 2006

Some significant changes will takeplace in the leadership arena over the next few decades. We'll move from agroup leadership concept to one that places responsibility and accountabilitymuch more in the hands of individuals. The work mode of the future will be muchmore individual-centered than group-centered, with considerableself-determination and high levels of shared-goal collaboration.

Leadership teachings of most of the twentieth century focused on directive,autocratic (or at least top-down) management. The boss was expected to know theanswers, or at least what to do. He, and it was usually a man for most of theperiod, would tell people what to do . . . and they did what they were told.Strict rules were in force and there were serious consequences for violatingthe social system.

In the spirit of McGregor's Theory X , it was assumed that most workers couldnot think for themselves and, therefore, needed a superior to direct theirefforts. Sometimes the "leader" actually was superior in intellect,experience, skill, understanding, or longevity, but often the power came fromthe position itself. "I'm boss, so you must do what I tell you."

As the nature of work evolved, expanding from manual labor and crafts intowhite collar occupations, the directive system was decreasingly effective. Someworkers had the audacity to believe they could think for themselves, that theycould manage at least some of their own work.

Suspecting that an opposite style of management would be more appropriate, theconcepts associated with McGregor's Theory Y came into play. While old-linerswarned that the tail would be wagging the dog, new leaders adopted what becameknown as a democratic leadership style. The movement went so far that wholecompanies tried to operate practically by committee.

Participative Management

Discovering that neither extreme was really satisfactory, managers moved tocenter ground. Enter: Participative Management. Now managers made decisionsagain, but only after some consultation with workers who would be affected bythose decisions. People felt more included, more listened-to, but the systemstill was not working optimally. In those days, most managers had been trainedto be directive managers, so it was difficult for them to change their stripes.

The term "leadership" had been used in most of the 20th century, inways that were synonymous with "management". Now great thinkers beganto suggest that leadership and management were different concepts. Peoplefollowed managers because they were supposed to, it was argued, but theyfollowed leaders because they wanted to.

Why would someone want to follow someone else? Someone that perhaps didn't havepower over them? Rich discussions explored all the wonderful characteristics ofleaders and managers began to think of themselves as exercising leadership aswell as using the power of their position.

The Rise of Teams

As people worked together to get things done, "teams" entered ourlexicon of work relationships.

The concepts of "team" and "leader" merged and teamleadership became the next stage in the progression from "just amanager" to something on a higher plane. Indeed, terminology labelingin-charge people on the front lines as "supervisors," their bosses as"managers," and those at the top as "leaders" reinforcedthe higher nature of this thing we called leadership. One had to move higher upthe organizational ladder to be considered a leader.

Labeling work groups as teams changed the balance. Teams had to have leaders,so leadership words, concepts, and performance trickled down to the lowerlevels of hierarchical organizations. Now anyone could be a leader. New vistaswere opened as we shifted from management to leadership . . . at least in theway we talked. Even today, many workers are managed much more than they're led.

The light bulb of innovation flashed as we realized that maybe teams couldoperate without a separate leader guiding their work. Welcome to the world ofself-directed work teams. This concept, alive and well in many organizations,is a huge threat to the directive manager, still in place in many companies.The two concepts are in conflict, causing some serious concern about what to dowith all those autocratic managers who resist change to more effective modes ofhuman interaction.

For a number of years, there was heavy emphasis on team leadership being thetop of the evolutionary cycle. It's a nice concept, if teams are intact,focused, and honored above individuals. And therein lies the problem.

Focus on the Individual

The workforce has changed, and with those changes come new problems andopportunities. We're moving away from team-ness into a new environment focusedon the individual performer. Much work will still be accomplished in teamrelationships, but those teams will be comprised more of unique individualsdeliberately collaborating to get things done. The energy will come from theindividuals and their connections with each other, rather from an externalleader.

Worker attitudes are shifting. People in their twenties and early thirties, acohort often called Generation X, are much more independent and self-motivatedthan their predecessors. They have a tendency to want more control, moreautonomy, more power, centered in self-leadership. Their highest productivitycomes when they understand the desired results, have the resources to get thejob done, and are left alone to get results. Heavy supervision irritates them,motivating them to leave companies that limit their freedom to perform.

Today's hot economy has created so many jobs--far more than can be filled withavailable workers, that there are abundant opportunities for people to easilymove from job to job. Society has accepted, almost blessed, this movement;job-hopping is now practically encouraged. Many people will change jobs everytwo to four years, making long-life cohesive teams unusual or impossible.There's too much churning for the teams to be intact with the same membershipfor very long.

Facilitative Leadership

In response to these changing circumstances, leadership will evolve to befocused on the individual instead of the team. Leaders will not direct orguide, they will facilitate. The next phase in the cycle is the"facilitative leader."

Facilitative leaders will concentrate on making possible the high performanceof each of their direct reports. Roles will include assuring an understandingof objectives, providing resources, coaching, teaching, encouraging, measuring,and giving objective feedback. (While this description may sound like that of agood supervisor, this style of leadership is not currently in wide practice.)

While receiving this coaching, the individuals will choose to form their ownteams, internally motivated, to collaborate for results. The job of the leaderwill be to prepare people to perform independently, then help them to grow andachieve capitalizing on their individual strengths.

Over the next ten years, the facilitative leadership model will become muchmore prevalent--in all occupations. Some workers in some environments willrequire closer support, but will still want to be more responsible for theirown performance. Initial impetus for this model will be a rise intelecommuting, forcing managers to become less enamored with management principlesand more engaged with the principles and techniques of results-orientedleadership.

By 2010, directive leadership will be practically obsolete. Participativeleadership, with leaders making decisions after increasingly strong involvementfrom workers, will continue until about 2020, responding to the needs of olderworkers who still want, and hence need, some direction. Note that the designwill be participative leadership, rather than the earlier style ofparticipative management.

The term "management" will apply to managing processes, productlines, and other inanimate aspects of economic life. Anything relating topeople will be described as leadership, support, or facilitation, moreaccurately reflecting the actual work associated with the role. To describesomeone as a "manager of people" will be tantamount to an insult or areference to the leader not doing the job that is desired.

Leaders will become more invested in training during the first two decades ofthe 21st century, helping workers adapt to using new technologies to accomplishwork and build productivity. Older workers, in their late sixties, seventies,and eighties will have more need for close support and training.

Self-Leadership

Generation X workers will become gradually more independent and self-driven aslater-borns of this cohort enter the world of work. Right behind them are theworkers from the Millennium Generation , who will be even more fiercelyindependent. They will respond to--demand--a much different style of leadership.

Even with the efforts of the educational system to teach them to work ingroups, the Millennials will be more comfortable driving their own lives.They're more connected through the Internet than they are through personalface-to-face interactions. These workers will be considerably moreself-confident, self-reliant, and self- motivated than any predecessor back tothe pioneering days.

Millennials will manifest significant similarities to the pioneers who builtnew lives for themselves in the 18th and early 19th centuries. They, too, willbuild for themselves and their neighbors--using intellect, imagination,innovation, technology, and creativity to create things we can't even envisiontoday. They'll use computers instead of axes and plowshares, coupled with thesame dogged spirit that characterized the early pioneers.

When we think of the early pioneers, the terms of leadership and managementdon't immediately flash to mind. Those trailblazers didn't need managers; theywere independent and self-driven. If they needed help from others, they askedfor it--and got it--in a spirit of cooperation and synergy. A similar attitudeprevailed in the world of business. Expect the same spirit to prevail in thefirst half of the 21st century. The environment is much the same.

The cottage industries, which served as a foundation for our developing economyas America was settled, will be reflected in the strength of home-basedbusinesses. A variety of arrangements of living and working will emerge, butthey will be dispersed physically and geographically. The leaders who own orrun these businesses may rarely see their employees, and may not even meet someof them personally. By the year 2005, we expect at least 20% of the workingpopulation to be home-based. . . and perhaps even 40% by the year 2020.

Coordinative Leadership

So what of the role of the leader? In an environment of self-determination,leaders will participate by sculpting the "big picture" andcontracting with self-workers to accomplish the work. The superior-subordinatemodel will be outmoded in these relationships.

Leaders will coordinate the efforts of a wide range of independent workers andconsortiums. The skills will be less directive and supportive, though thosefunctions will still be operational. New skills will include persuasion,negotiation, sourcing, stimulating, and high levels of networking.

This emerging leadership role, substantially different from earlier roles, willbe a challenge for older leaders. Late Xers and Millennials will lead easily,but the elders (early Xers and Boomers) will have difficulty with the newstyle. These elder-leaders will work more with older workers whose roles willbe less pioneering and more functional. The transformation will begin around 2010and will be much more aggressive by 2015--the speed of change will unsettle themiddle-aged Generation X folks.

Born after 2005 and coming eagerly behind the Millennials, will be a generationmore attentive to refinement and building systems that will endure and willserve more people. Global outreach will surpass the previous period, andextra-planetary work will bring great progress.

Collaborative Leadership

In these fast-moving times, searching for opportunities to achieve maximumimpact for their participation, leaders will concentrate on connectingindependent performers into networks focused on specific goal accomplishment.Motivations will include various forms of compensation, but will be stronglyfocused on making a positive difference for others.

People will look to leaders as specialists who can aggregate widely diverseresources who can they collaborate to produce results. They'll work with thatleader, that facilitator, because they respect the leader's qualities oflooking toward results, respecting the qualities of each individual, and adesire to help each individual grow, achieve, and fulfill potential. The modelwill be heavily based on caring relationships with a mutual opportunity foreconomic and intrinsic gain. Workers of this time will be looking for theseconnections with their leaders.

Systemic Leadership

Around the middle of the 21st century, systems will develop to provide some ofthe leadership functions performed by the collaborative leaders. Usingartificial intelligence, these computer- driven systems will build and maintainconnections between people with interdevelopmental needs. People's needs willbe met through relationships with others who can to fulfill those requirements. . . and get their own needs fulfilled by their interconnected partners.Elaborate networks of interlocking relationships will maximize human potentialand productivity.

Leaders will oversee the operation of these interconnecting systems and providethe human-to-human caring that machines can't deliver with adequate quality.We'll still desire a reasonable balance between technology and the human touch.Mid-century leadership will evolve to more of a paternal model, coupled with arelationship that is a sort of combination of caring friend and pastoral guide.

Globalization and World 1

The trend towards globalization of business will have a substantial impact onWorld 1. Not only will World 1 recruit the best and best and the brightest fromWorld 2, but it will also locate factories and service facilities in World 2,where real estate and labor will continue to be less expensive. World 1 leaderswill need to be sensitive to the differences between the leadership styles thatare appropriate for their World 1 offices and plants versus those that arelocated in Worlds 2 and 3.

Geo-Sociological Leadership

The evolution and timetable presented above will be the flow in developed World1 countries. Less-developed Worlds 2 and 3 countries will experience adifferent leadership transformation.

During the coming decades, developing countries will benefit from the strongglobal economy. The increasing need for workers will draw more people intoproductive endeavors, but not quite the same way it happened in developedcountries. Work-for-pay will become a part of people's lives, but not a centralfocus. Sensitive employers will facilitate a blending of conventional work withtraditional lifestyles of the people: a work-life balance.

In World 2 countries, more accustomed to a management model, there will be agradual shift to a more participative style.

The evolution of leadership will follow the pattern of the World 1 countries,but with a lag of one to two decades at first. They will come closer to thedeveloped countries model during the 2050-2060 period, as new generationstransform economies and lifestyles.

Western influence will be strong, led by higher education. A large proportionof potential World 2 leaders will gain their university experiences indeveloped countries. Not being as needed in industry, many exemplary leaderswill be teaching on the campuses--preparing the next generation of leaders fortheir pivotal responsibilities. These young, eager leaders will carry thetransformational message home and implement new designs.

A number of World 2 countries already have work-life balance built into theirsystems--culturally and legislatively. The new leadership designs will enhancethe concept of partnering life balance with productivity, and will create aneed for more work to be done by others around the globe. More workopportunities will be created for people in World 3 countries.

Leadership in the World 3

Work for pay, in a corporate setting, is not the mode for the majority of thepeople in underdeveloped countries. To raise their standards of living, thiskind of work will be introduced so people can become more self-sufficient. Inthe Star Trek? spirit of avoiding interference with other cultures, employerswill find ways to bring employment and higher levels of prosperity todeveloping regions. Work arrangements will be designed to remain relativelycongruent with existing lifestyles--to ease the transition and to supportgradual, rather than shocking, change.

While congregate work sites will establish places for group-work, the cottageindustry model will be applied wherever possible. This alternative will avoidthe intrusion into the community of new buildings and systems that can bedisruptive and create company towns or competitive environments.

Leaders will be more coordinators, assigners, supporters, and teacher-trainers.They'll become caring members of the communities in which they work and,eventually, leaders will actually come from those communities. It will be anatural process, with informal leaders emerging to assume more formal roles, asindigenous workers learn what productive work-for-pay is all about.

The autocratic-directive style won't even be introduced in World 3 countries.It simply won't fit in the environment. As workers become more comfortable withtheir roles and their results, a more participative style will emerge. Aself-governance model will develop, with leaders-appointed and/orelected-charged with providing support, coordination, and relationships withoutside entities. Some of these work groups will operate almost as collectives;others will be similar to self-directed operations under the sponsorship oflarger corporations-domestic and international.

The evolution of leadership will necessarily be slower in so-called World 2 andWorld 3 countries, given the nature of their workforce and work-culturedevelopment. They will move at their own paces, coming closer to World 1 stylesin the latter part of the 21st century. As this stage is reached, even greateropportunities for cross-cultural leadership exchanges will emerge.

Cultural Cross-Over

Our discussion has centered on employment organizations. Certainly this venuewill be more receptive and encouraging of the transformation in leadership.Leadership is performed in other environments, as well. Volunteerorganizations, ranging from civic and professional groups to churches toparent-teacher organizations, are wonderful laboratories for leadership.

Since volunteers don't have to do what they're told, leaders in theseenvironments already apply advanced leadership skills such as persuasion,negotiation, and reward and recognition. Traditional management techniquestypically don't work where people participate voluntarily.

As we move through the 21st century, leadership in these organizations willevolve in a similar pattern, but will lag somewhat behind the process ineconomic organizations. Career drives are somewhat stronger than volunteerismdrives; the motivations and expected outcomes are different. The personalinvestment is different.

While people will operate increasingly independently in the work environment,they will belong to volunteer organizations for opportunities to collaboratewith others. The same shifts will gradually occur, but without the same levelof intensity. They'll be reflective of the people who will join, typicallythose more receptive to the leadership of others.

In 10-20 years, as we bring life and work into greater balance, people willhave more time to become involved with community and other volunteerorganizations. As they join with more time and a different sense of mission anddesire for fulfillment, we will see higher levels of intensity that may driveshifts in leadership styles. The group focus will, however, remain strong.

Leadership Integrators

As leadership evolves at different paces around the world, a new type of leaderwill emerge. This leader will understand the various phases of leadership andbe conversant in them. Able to interpret and interface with any style, thisleader will serve as a diplomat of leadership. This new job role will emergeabout 2010 and will be in greater demand as the century unfolds. Gradually,integrative leadership will take on a strong international flavor as more andmore work is done across geo-political lines.

Around 2015-2020, universities will offer interdisciplinary graduate degrees inMulti-phasic Leadership. Courses will be team-taught by academic gurus andpractitioners who can link real-world experience with management theory.Newly-minted MBAs with a minor in Multi-phasic Leadership will be in highdemand in developed countries until the late 2040s.

In the 2020s, universities will begin integrating Multi-phasic Leadership andthe traditional MBA with international studies, already a strong major. Theproduct will be well-prepared leaders who can operate globally to link all theworld's productive resources.

So what are the implications of this evolution for human resource planning?

Begin now to recruit individuals who will be able to grow into tomorrow's facilitative, participative leaders. Create a professional development program aligned with the evolutionary leadership styles that will be required in the future. Start talking with your facilities planning people about the spaces that will be needed by tomorrow's teams and individual employees to foster creativity and collaboration. Initiate conversations with MBA programs to lay the foundations for the relationships that will help you recruit tomorrow's leaders. Continue to watch the trends so that you may continue to position yourself and your organization for future success. Roger E. Herman describes himself asa Strategic Business Futurist concentrating on workforce and workplace trends.A Certified Management Consultant, speaker, and author, he is CEO of The HermanGroup in Greensboro, NC. A significant part of his work is building workforcestability and preparing leaders for the future. 

www.hermangroup.com

[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgCXdETAAtY&hl=en&fs=1]

About rapid share hacking:

As you all know world’s largest file storing mechanism is at rapid share.People Store their files get a code for it to download them again.

But the fact is all files stored in one single server’s database .Which can bebusted by hackers and all files can be downloaded.

How to get rid of wait for downloading:

For a free account you have to wait for 1-5 minutes on rapid share and everyonewanted to get rid of it .

Here are some ways I used use for rapid share downloading:

1.

Simply Copy the CODE given below

Open Command prompt. ( run ->cmd )

Paste the Content There. [ Hope u know how to paste on the cmd Prompt ]

Now try the rapidshare link again and it wont ask you to Wait for more than ONEminute.

@echo off

echo ipconfig /flushdns

ipconfig /flushdns

echo ipconfig /release

ipconfig /release

echo ipconfig /renew

ipconfig /renew

exit

Old trick but still works.

2. Browser as proxy : which after restarting every time changes your IP:

After searching a lot I found thisamazing thing. It’s like a proxy browser called TORPAK..it can change yourpermanent IP to static IP. so just when u restart your browser u will have newIP… u can also set intervals between changing your proxy…so now downloadmultiple files at d same time……it also has integration of IDM with it..

Tip:

you have to close this particular browser than open again and it will startdownloading from RAPIDSHARE again no need to disconnect..

easy..Search on Google you can download it easily.

3.Delete Rapid share cookie

If you logged into Rapidshare with an account that was detected by frauddetection you will need to delete the Rapidshare cookie. You could either:

Delete all the cookies, but this will make you have to login back into everywebsite that you told the browser to auto login for you.

Go through every cookie and find that one rapidshare cookie.

Here comes this little trick! You could bookmark this link and click it everytime you need to delete ONLY Rapidshare cookie:

http://rapidshare.de/cgi-bin/premium.cgi?logout=1

4.. Use a proxy with SwitchProxy andFirefox:

Download and install Firefox if you have not alreadyDownload and install SwitchProxyGoogle for free proxies4 When you hit your download limit, clean your cookies and change your proxy5. Use an anonymous service:

Running your system through the tor network should in theory work; however, itis difficult to use and setup. Plus, you allow others to run their evil deedsthrough your system as well by using this systems.. u need to download Firefox1.5 for it.. u can get the same by typing “Firefox old apps” in Google. begintor by enabling it on Firefox(right bottom)

Anonymizer is inexpensive, easy touse, but not free. Other pay services would likely work as well.

7.One more new fix (Not tested ):

The hot new Firefox plug-in takesbrowser customization to a whole new level by letting users filter site contentor change page behaviors.

The glory of open-source software isthat it allows anyone with the inclination and the scripting knowledge to getunder the hood and hot-rod their computing environment. But most of the time,that advantage is available only to people with the programming skills to makethe changes they want. That’s where Greasemonkey, a free plug-in for Firefox,comes in — it simplifies hacking the browser.

Released at the end 2004,Greasemonkey is the latest in a growing arsenal of Firefox customization tools.It changes how Web pages look and act by altering the rendering process.Greasemonkey is to Firefox what aftermarket parts are to cars — it lets youpersonalize your browser by making it faster and more powerful or simply bymaking browsing more aesthetically pleasing. How and why you will useGreasemonkey (and I predict you will, if you don’t already) will depend on howyou browse now.

CODE

http://greasemonkey.mozdev.org/

1) Install the Greasemonkeyextension >>

CODE

http://downloads.mozdev.org/greasemonkey/greasemonkey_0.2.6.xpi

2) Restart Firefox

3) Go to

CODE

http://rapidshare.de/files/1034529/rapidshare.user.js.html

4) Right click on rapidshare.user.js and choose “Install User Script”.

Run FireFox.

From File Menu click on Open File then browse to where ever you saved the‘greasemonkey.xpi’ plug-in. Open it, wait a couple seconds for the installbutton becomes active. Click on it to install this plug-in then CLOSE FIREFOX.

Run FireFox again. From the File Menu click on Open File then browse to whereever you saved the ‘rapidshare.user.js’. Open it. Click the Tools Menu thenclick on Install User Script then click OK.

Close FireFox.

The script will let you enjoy “nowait” and multiple file downloads

How to find links for particularfiles :

It’s ok that now you can omit the minutes wait on rapid share downloads butwhere to find ant particular files if u needed???

Have no fear when I am here. Ha ha ..

Here is answer

Go to this link

Simply type the name of the file you want :

You ‘ll get hundreds of links to download , its cool and best I have ever seen.

http://www.filesbot.com

MATRIX

Setting OTA:

Kirim SMS ke888 dengan pesan :

ACT[spasi]GPRS

MENTARI

Setting OTA via SMS ;

Kirim SMS ke3000 dengan pesan :

Ketik : GPRS[spasi] merk HP[spasi] tipe HP

Setting Manual :

GPRS

Profile Name : INDOSATGPRS

Homepage URL : http://wap.klub-mentari.com

IP Address : 10.19.19.19

Bearer : GPRS

User Name : indosat

Password : indosat

APN : indosatgprs

MMS

Profile Name : INDOSATGPRS

Homepage URL : http://mmsc.indosat.com

IP Address : 10.19.19.19:8080

Bearer : GPRS

User Name : indosat

Password : indosat

APN : indosatmms

IM3

Setting OTA via SMS ;

Kirim SMS ke3939 dengan pesan :

Ketik : GPRS[spasi] merk HP[spasi] tipe HP

Setting Manual :

GPRS

Connection name : M3-GPRS

Access point name : www.indosat-m3.net

User name : gprs

Password : im3

Authentication : Normal

Homepage : http://wap.indosat-m3.net

IP address : 010.019.019.019

Port : 9201 (standard), 8080 (proxy)

MMS

Connection name : M3-MMS

Access point name : indosatmms

User name : indosatmms

Password : indosatmms

Authentication : Normal

Homepage : http://mmsc.indosat-m3.net

IP address : 010.019.019.019

Port : 9201 (standard), 8080 (proxy)

TELKOMSEL

KARTU HALLO

Kirim SMS ke 6616 dengan pesan :

Ketik : GPRS

KARTU SIMPATI/KARTU AS

Kirim SMS ke 6616 dengan pesan :

Ketik : GPRS[spasi]angka dibelakang simcard Anda (Nomor ICCID/Integrated Circuit Card Identification)

Kemudian tunggu beberapa saat, Anda akan mendapat SMS konfirmasi bahwaaplikasi GPRS sedang diproses. Waktu yang dibutuhkan sekitar 48 jam.Setelah GPRS aktif, Anda akan mendapat notifikasi SMS lagi yangmenyatakan GPRS sudah aktif.

Setting Manual :

GPRS

Profile Name : TSEL GPRS

APN : Telkomsel

User name : wap

Password : wap123

Authentication : Normal

Gateway IP address : 10.1.89.130

Homepage : http://wap.telkomsel.com

Data Bearer : GPRS

Proxy port number : 9201 atau 8000

MMS

Connection Name: tel-MMS

Data Bearer: GPRS

Access Point Name: mms

Username: wap

Prompt Password: No

Password: wap123

Authentication: Normal

Proxy address: 10.1.89.150

Homepage: http://mms.telkomsel.com/

Connection Security: Off

XL

Setting OTA via SMS ;

Ketik SMS dengan isi : GPRS[spasi][spasi] Kirim ke 9667

Ketik SMS dengan isi : MMS[spasi][spasi] Kirin ke 9667

Setting Manual :

GPRS

Connection Name: XL-GPRS

Data Bearer: GPRS

Access Point Name: www.xlgprs.net

Username: xlgprs

Prompt Password: No

Password: proxl

Authentication: Normal

Homepage: http://wap.lifeinhand.com

Connection Security: Off

Session Mode: Permanent

IP Address: Automatic

Proxy Server Address: 202.152.240.050

Proxy Port Number: 8080

MMS

Connection Name: XL-MMS

Data Bearer: GPRS

Access Point Name: www.xlmms.net

Username: xlgprs

Prompt Password: No

Password: proxl

Authentication: Normal

Homepage: http://mmc.xl.net.id/servlets/mms

Connection Security: Off

Session Mode: Permanent

IP Address: Automatic

Proxy Server Address: 202.152.240.050

Proxy Port Number: 8080

3 (THREE)

Setting Manual :

GPRS

Settings’ Name: 3-GPRS

Homepage : http://wap.three.co.id/

Proxies : Enable

Proxy address : 10.4.0.10

Port : 3128

GPRS access point : 3gprs

Authentication type : Normal

Login type : Automatic

Username : 3gprs

Password : 3gprs

MMS

Settings’ name : 3-MMS

Homepage : http://mms.hutch.co.id/

GPRS access point : 3mms

Authentication type : Normal

Username : 3mms

Password : 3mms

Allow adverts : No

KARTU AXIS

Parameter Umum GPRS

Connection Name : AXIS

Data Bearer : GPRS atau PS

Access Point Name (APN) : AXIS

Username : AXIS

Prompt Password : No

Password : 123456

Authentication : Normal

Gateway/Proxy IP Address : 10.8.3.8

Gateway/Proxy Port : 9201 atau 8080

Homepage : http://wap.axisworld.co.id

Connection Security : Off

Session Mode : Permanent

Parameter Umum MMS

Connection Name : AXISmms

Data Bearer : GPRS atau PS

Access Point Name (APN) : AXISmms

Username : AXIS

Prompt Password : No

Password : 123456

Authentication : Normal

Gateway/Proxy IP Address : 10.8.3.8

Gateway/Proxy Port : 9201 atau 8080

Homepage / MMS Server : http://mmsc.AXIS

Connection Security : Off

Session Mode : Permanent

selular.co.id

Konsultasi sebelumnya

Ponsel Musik dan Kamera, N73 ME atau 5610?Ponsel CDMA Bisa Ganti RUIMSetting GPRS Mentari LG KG320Pilih Mana, N95, N95 8Gb, atau N82?Nokia 3500 Classic dan 5310 XpressMusic

Microsoft DOS datang dengan beberapa hacking tooltersembunyi yang akan saya diskusikan disini. Tool ini dapat ditemukan padadirektori c:\windows jika anda menggunakan win98 dan jika anda menggunakanwinxp maka tool ini berada pada C:\winxp\system32. WinXP, Win2000 dan WinNTdirilis dengan beberapa tool internet tambahan. Jadi jika anda masihmenggunakan win98 maka saya menyarankan agar menggantinya dengan WinXP. Yangtentunya memiliki fitur securiti tambahan dan perintah hacking internet yangbagus. Dalam manual ini saya akan membahas mengenai beberapa perintah yangditemukan pada Win98 dan winXP

Jadi bagi pengguna window, berikut ini perintah-perintah hacking pada DOS.

1. ping

2. tracert

3. telnet

4. ftp

5. netstat

OK, inilah keterangannya.

1. ping

Utiliy ini digunakan untuk mencari keberadaan remote host. Yan gmengirmkansebuah signal SYN ke remote host dan jika remote host membalas maka berartimemang ada suatu remote machine.

Cobalah anda ketik perintah ini:

C:\windows>ping/?

*************

Newbie tip: mengetik '/?' setelah perintah dos menampilkan helpnya. Jadibagaimana anda belajar aneka perintah dos. Bukankah WinXP, WinNT dan Win2000juga memiliki perintah ‘help’ untuk menampilkan seluruh perintah dos.

*************

Usage: ping [-t] [-a] [-n count] [-l size] [-f] [-i TTL] [-v TOS]

[-r count] [-s count] [[-j host-list] | [-k host-list]]

[-w timeout] destination-list

Options:

-t Ping the specified host until stopped.

To see statistics and continue - type Control-Break;

To stop - type Control-C.

-a Resolve addresses to hostnames.

-n count Number of echo requests to send.

-l size Send buffer size.

-f Set Don't Fragment flag in packet.

-i TTL Time To Live.

-v TOS Type Of Service.

-r count Record route for count hops.

-s count Timestamp for count hops.

-j host-list Loose source route along host-list.

-k host-list Strict source route along host-list.

-w timeout Timeout in milliseconds to wait for each reply.

Jadi saya dapat melakukan ping ke ip address apapun atau domain name untukmemeriksa keberadaannya di internet. Sebagai contoh saya mengetik “pinglocalhost” maka saya mendapatkan.

Pinging chintan [127.0.0.1] with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128

Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128

Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128

Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128

Ping statistics for 127.0.0.1:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

************

Newbie tip: 'localhost' adalah ip 127.0.0.1 dan merupakan ip address kitasendiri. Juga dikenal sebagai loopback ip. Tapi saat anda terhubung ke internetanda akan diberi ip baru oleh isp anda sebagai identifikasi diri anda. Andadapat mencari tahu ip anda dengan mengetik”winipcfg” pada menu Start-Run bagipengguna Win98, sedangkan yang lainnya hanya mengetikkan “ipconfig” padacommand prompt.

***********

Hal ini menunjukkan kepada saya bahwa 32 byte data dikirim ke 127.0.0.1 dandibalas kembali kurang dari 10ms. TTL adalah Time To Live dan nilai range dari0 hingga 255 (default 128). Sekarang biar kita lihat apa yang terjadi jika sayamengetik “ping www.yahoo.com”

Pinging www.yahoo.akadns.net[66.218.71.87] with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 66.218.71.87: bytes=32 time=3448ms TTL=54

Reply from 66.218.71.87: bytes=32 time=2276ms TTL=54

Reply from 66.218.71.87: bytes=32 time=1799ms TTL=54

Reply from 66.218.71.87: bytes=32 time=2850ms TTL=54

Ping statistics for 66.218.71.87:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 1799ms, Maximum = 3448ms, Average = 2593ms

Tapi bagaimana ping tersebut digunakan oleh para hacker? Baiklah, ada dua opsi‘|’ dan ‘-t’ yang mematikan. -| digunakan untuk spesifikasi ukuran buffer yangdikirimkan (defaultnya 32 byte) bagaimana jika saya mengetik “ping -| 65600target.com” maka hal ini akan membawa maut 65600 paket data ke target.com yanglebih tinggi dari kapasitas TCP/IP 65535. Tindakan ini menyebabkan target.commenjadi hang dan harus di restart.

Dan jika saya mengetik “ping –t target.com” hal ini akan meneruskan pengiriman32 byte data ke target.com hingga menghabiskan resource dan menyebabkan hang.Dua jenis serangan diatas dikenal sebagai ping attack bagi penyerang Dos.

***********

Newbie tip: 'Dos' yang terakhir disebutkan adalah Denial of service yangdilancarkan oleh hacker untuk menghentikan service pada remote machine.

***********

Catatan: Jenis serangan ini dimasa lalu sering digunakan, namun saat ini padasistem yang telah diperbarui hal tersebut tidak akan bekerja lagi.

2. Tracert

Perintah Tracert melakukan penjejakan ke remote machine. Sebelum request kitamenjangkau remote machine melalui router yang berbeda diantaranya. Tool tracert(dikenal sebagai ‘traceroute’ pada unix) pada awalnya dirancang untuk mencarirouter mana yang mengalami masalah. Perintah tersebut menunjukkan ip addressrouter yang dilalui request kita sebelum menjangkau remote maching. Sebagaicontoh, jika saya mengetik “tracert www.yahoo.com”pada dos prompt maka akan terdapat:

Tracing route to www.yahoo.akadns.net[66.218.71.87]

over a maximum of 30 hops:

1 * 2296 ms 2025 ms dialpool-210-214-55-11.maa.sify.net [210.214.55.11]

2 2446 ms 2025 ms 2301 ms dialpool-210-214-55-2.maa.sify.net [210.214.55.2]

3 1899 ms 2066 ms 2450 ms lan-202-144-32-177.maa.sify.net [202.144.32.177]

4 * 2885 ms 2749 ms lan-202-144-83-4.maa.sify.net [202.144.83.4]

5 * * * Request timed out.

6 * * * Request timed out.

7 * * * Request timed out.

8 * * * Request timed out.

9 * * * Request timed out.

10 * 3408 ms * www.yahoo.akadns.net[66.218.71.87]

11 * * * Request timed out.

12 * * * Request timed out.

13 * * * Request timed out.

14 * * * Request timed out.

15 * * * Request timed out.

16 * * * Request timed out.

17 482 ms 698 ms 624 ms w8.scd.yahoo.com [66.218.71.87]

Trace complete.

Baris pertama memberitahukan kita ip mana yang menjejaki dan kemudian jumlahhop. Jumlah hop tergantung pada jumlah server yang ada diantaranya. Setelahmemulai tracing. Request pertama saya melalui sify.net (nama ISP server saya)kemudian melalui server yang berbeda dan terakhir menjangkau w8.scd.yahoo.com.Jadi kita dapat melihat berapa lama prosedurnya. Kapanpun anda membuka www.yahoo.com dalam web browser, request andaselalu melalui isp dulu (untuk mendapatkan ip dari www.yahoo.com dari daftar nama domainnya)kemudian server lain dalam jalur tersebut dan terakhir pada yahoo.

Jadi bagaimana tracert digunakan oleh para hacker. Perintah ini digunakan untukmencari firewall dan melumpuhkannya. Tracer digunakan bersamaan dengan nmapdapat mengetahui ip sebenarnya dimana firewall terpasang, kemudian hackertersebut akan melumpuhkannya. Untuk contoh diatas kita melihat bahwa proses tracingterhenti pada w8.scd.yahoo.com. Namun hal ini bukanlah tujuan sebenarnya. Halitu dikarenakan dihentikan oleh firewall. Mengenai masalah firewall akan kitabahas dalam artikel tersendiri.

3. Telnet

Jika anda menggunakan windows maka ‘telnet’ merupakan hacking tool terhebatbagi anda. Sebenarnya merupakan sebuah terminal yang dapat mengakses remotemachine dan menggunakan service-nya. Melalui telnet anda dapat menentukan suatukoneksi antara mesin anda dan remote machine melalui port tertentu.

***********

Newbie tip: Disini saya membicarakan tentang virtual port. Tidak secara fisikyang anda lihat dibalik CPU anda. Hanya sebagai physical port yang digunakanuntuk koneksi ke hardware dan dengan cara yang sama virtual port digunakanuntuk koneksi pada software. TCP/IP memiliki 65,535 virtual port.

***********

Jika anda mengentik “telnet target.com” maka anda terhubung ke target.com padaprot no. 23 (port yang menjalankan telnet service). Anda juga bisa terhubung kesuatu port lainnya dengan mengetik nomor port setelah target.com. sebagaicontoh jika saya ingin terhubung ke port no. 25 (SMTP service) maka salya akanmengetik “telnet target.com 25”.

***********

Newbie tip: Setiap port menjalankan service tertentu. Untuk mendaptkan daftarservice yang dijalankan pada port tertentu yang bukalah“C:\windows\services" pada notepad.

***********

Sesaat anda terhubung ke sebuah remote machine pada port tertentu, sebuahwindow popup telnet dengan daemon yang menjalankan port tersebut menunggu andamengetikkan perintah. Sebagai contoh “telnet www.cyberspace.org”maka seperti gambar dibawah inilah yang saya dapatkan.

Saya harus login disana dan mengetik suatu password dan saya mendapatkan linuxshell prompt. Baiklah jika anda mengetikan newuser disana untuk mendapatkansebuah LoginID dan Password. Dan stelah itu saya menyiapkan perintah untukmengeksekusi secara remote.

Well, www.cyberspace.org memilikiserver Linux. Jadi jika anda tidak familiar dengan Linux anda tidak akan mampumenggunakan service-nya.

4. FTP

FTP adalah File Transfer Protocol. Melalui ini anda dapat mendownload ataumengupload file. Dan apa yang hacker inginkan dari ini? Benar!! Tinggal mengeti“ftp target.com” dan daemon banner akan ditampilkan. Tapi disini, dengan tujuanmenampilkan file transfer pertama kali anda harus login. Beberapa websitemengijinkan adanya naonymous login. Contohnya mengetikkan login “anonymous” danemail-address anda sebagai password. Tentunya anda harus mengetikkan emailpalsu. Sekarang anda boleh mulai mendownload dan mengupload file. Namun untukitu anda adanya suatu perintah. Pada FTP prompt anda dapat mengetikkan “?”.Maka akan ditampilkan sbb:

! delete literal prompt send

? debug ls put status

append dir mdelete pwd trace

ascii disconnect mdir quit type

bell get mget quote user

binary globe mkdir recv verbose

bye hash mls remotehelp

cd help mput rename

close lcd open rmdir

Untuk mendaptkan bantuan pada berbagai perintah contohnya perintah delete,mengetikan “? Delete”. Beberapa perintah penting lainnya adalah:

1. 'pwd' to know the present directory at remote machine.

contohnya. ftp>pwd

/etc/home

2. 'lcd' to change the local directory.

contohnya. ftp>lcd C:\windows

local directory now C:\windows

3. 'cd' to change the remote directory.

contohnya. ftp>cd /etc

remote directory now /etc

4. 'mput' to send multiple files to remote machine.

contohnya. ftp>mput *.*

sends all files from C:\windows to /etc

5. 'mget' to get multiple files from remote machine.

contohnya. ftp>mget *.*

gets all files from /etc to C:\windows

6. 'open' to establish a connection with remote host.

contohnya. ftp>open www.target.com

7. 'bye' closes the connection and quits from ftp

Untuk perintah lainnya dari ftp silakan lihat help mereka.

Sekarang pada yang port FTP (prot 21) adalah membuka www.nosecurity.com. Seorang hacker akanterhubung ke situs tersebut menggunakan “ftp www.nosecurity.com”pada dos prompt. Kemudian dia akan mencoba login secara anonymous. Dengananggapan bahwa www.nosecurity.commenggunakan linux server, maka hacker tersebut akan mengtikkan perintah “get/etc/apsswd” untuk mendaptkan file password dan mengcracknya. Jika anda adalahseorang hacker, maka jangan lupa untuk menghapus log tersebut.

5. netstat

Anda dapat menentukan suatu koneksi dengan remote machine pada port tertentu,hanya saat port tersebut dibuka pada remote machine. Sebagai contoh, jika andaingin menentukan sebuah koneksi dengan www.target.compada port 23 (telnet) maka port tersebut seharusnya terbuka pada www.target.com. Dan seluruh aktifitas hackingumumnya menggunakan port yang terbuka. Mengetikkan “netstat /?” pada dos promptmemberikan:

Displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP network connections.

NETSTAT [-a] [-e] [-n] [-s] [-p proto] [-r] [interval]

-a Displays all connections and listening ports.

-e Displays Ethernet statistics. This may be combined with the -s

option.

-n Displays addresses and port numbers in numerical form.

-p proto Shows connections for the protocol specified by proto; proto

may be TCP or UDP. If used with the -s option to display

per-protocol statistics, proto may be TCP, UDP, or IP.

-r Displays the routing table.

-s Displays per-protocol statistics. By default, statistics are

shown for TCP, UDP and IP; the -p option may be used to specify

a subset of the default.

interval Redisplays selected statistics, pausing interval seconds

between each display. Press CTRL+C to stop redisplaying

statistics. If omitted, netstat will print the current

configuration information once.

Opsi akan menjelaskan fungsinya masing-masing. Dan yang terpenting adalah opsi–a dan –n. Opsi –a menampilkan seluruh port yang terbuka pada mesin tersebut.Dan jika saya menggunakan opsi –n maka akan menunjukkan ip address sebagaiganti dari domain. Saya mendapatkan hal berikut ini jika saya mengetik “netstat–a” pada command prompt.

Active Connections

Proto Local Address Foreign Address State

TCP chintan:1027 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING

TCP chintan:80 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING

TCP chintan:135 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING

TCP chintan:6435 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING

TCP chintan:1025 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING

TCP chintan:1026 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING

TCP chintan:1028 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING

TCP chintan:1309 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING

TCP chintan:1310 0.0.0.0:0 LISTENING

TCP chintan:1285 rumcajs.box.sk:80 ESTABLISHED

TCP chintan:1296 l an-202-144-78-3.maa.sify.net:80 CLOSE_WAIT

TCP chintan:1297 lan-202-144-65-14.sify.net:80 ESTABLISHED

TCP chintan:1310 cdn-v13.websys.aol.com:80 ESTABLISHED

TCP chintan:1220 aiedownload.cps.intel.com:ftp ESTABLISHED

”Proto” menyatakan nama protocol tersebut, “localaddress” memberikan ipaddresskita dan port yang terbuka. “Foreign Address” menyatkaan ipaddress dengan namorport yang terhubung ke kita. “State” menyatakan pernyataan saat ini jika suatukoneksi “established” atau listening atau hanya “waiting”.

Sebagai contoh jika saya membuka http://www.yahoo.commaka saat saya menjalankan “netstat –a” saya akan mendapatkan masukan sepertiini:

"TCP 203.43.50.81:2034 www.yahoo.com:80ESTABLISHED"

Komputer saya dengan ip 203.43.50.81 melalui port 2034 terhubung dengan yahoopada port 80

*************

Newbie tip: Dengna cara ini anda bisa mendapatkan ip seseorang yang chattingdengan ada. Pertama kali jalankan “netstat –an” dan lihat dibawah foreign ipaddress. Sekarang mulailah private chating dengan orang lain. Juga jalankan“netstat –an” dan anda akan mendapatkan satu lagin foreign ip pada akhirnya.Inilah ip orang tersebut.

Hack Your Modem & Increase Your Download Speed

coolexe

17th July 2007, 09:40

Hack Your Modem And Increase YourDownload Speed

Hack Your Modem and Increase Your Download Speed from 64Kbps to any SpeedYou Wish

Most of us will be feeling that the surfing speed which is allocated by our ISPis not enough. People with 64Kbps will think 128Kbps will be cool speed. Peoplewith 128Kbps will think 256Kbps will be cool and so on

This tutorial will teach you how to increase your 64Kbps link to 512Kbps orwhat ever speed you like.

It is very much possible to do this. With a bit of luck if your Cable Internet ServiceProvider are very uneducated on how thisvery new technology works and leave some key loopholes open for you to grabvital information on how to accomplish this task. But this tutorial will noguarantee you 100% success.

Okay here we go. I'm going to try to explain you as best as I can to accomplishre-configuring your SB5100, SB4100 or SB3100 cable modem

Theory of cable modem working

All the cable modems when it boots up it will search for an "Imagefile" where in all configuration like your upload speed limit and downloadspeed limit is defined. This "Image file" is stored in ISP`s TFTP server.Modem will be pre-configured with the ISP`s TFTP server IP addressand the Image file name to be downloaded. When the modem boots up it query TFTPserver and download Image file from TFTP server according to this this ourspeed limits will be set.

Our Mission

Get this Image file from ISP`s TFTP server, reconfigure it according to ourneed and force our modem to download this file from our Computer rather than downloading it from our ISP`s TFTP server.

Steps to accomplish

1). Get cable modems MAC address

2). Get your ISPs TFTP server IP address

3). Get name and path of the "configuration file" or Image filestored in the ISP`s TFTP server.

4). Download Image file from ISP`s TFTP server.

5). Decrypt the Image file which you downloaded from ISP`s TFTP server

6). Modify the Image file

7). Encrypt the modified Image file

8). Change your computer's TCP configuration same as ISP`s TFTP server (i.e. IPaddress same as ISP`s TFTP server)

9). Host TFTP server in your computer

10). Put Image file in the base directory of your TFTP

11). Restart your modem

12). Changer your PC's IP back as given by ISP

13). OOPS Done. Start surfing with your new speed

1). Get cable modems MAC address

You can either look at the back of the modem to get this MAC Address or you canlogon to your Cable modem with your Web Browser hxxp://192.168.100.1/ . This isinternal HTML pages stored within your DOCsis cable modem (SB5100, SB4100 andSB3100) that gives you even more vital information on configuration. Unless itis turned off by your ISP. This feature might be totally turned off by yourISP.

2). Get your ISPs TFTP server IP address

3). Get name and path of the "configuration file" or Image filestored in the ISP`s TFTP server.

For getting this vital information you have to do an SNMP walk over your modem.For doing this you can use any one of the tools below

a) There's a program called QUERY.EXE from WeirdSolutions which is a BOOTP packet request program that will tell youeverything you need to know, without all these extra steps. It will display theImage Filename, TFTP server address, which is really all you need to getstarted. To use this BOOTP QUERY tool, you need the MAC address of your cablemodem

Or

Experts can use Solarwinds SNMP program

Or

c) Beginners can use DOCSIS Diagnosis utility

Or

d) Beginners can use SNMPWALK Tool

use command "snmpwalk 192.168.100.1 public"

NOTE: Use modem's IP address as "192.168.100.1" (SB5100, SB4100 andSB3100) when it asked to provide by any of the above tools. SNMP community is"Public"

Using the above tools you will get the information of your ISP`s TFTP server IPand the name of your "Image file" stored in that TFTP server

All your vital information is stored in this file, One of which is the MaxRateDown2621440; MaxRateUp 393216;. (This was my ISP settings. Which you can see issimilar to what speed I was getting. 40KB/s up and 250 KB/s down)

Among these, the one we need are:

Configuration TFTP Server = 194.*.*..90 (replace this with yours throughout inthe doc)

Configuration filename = isrr.bin (replace this with yours throughout in thedoc)

And

IP fragments created = 0

IP address.10.xxx.xxx.xxx = 10.xxx.xxx.xxx

IP address.192.168.100.1 = 192.168.100.1 (the IP address of the cable modem,(replace this with yours throughout in the doc)

IP-to-If-index.10.xxx.xxx.xxx = 2

Suggestion: You can do this step by sniffing the modem i.e."192.168.100.1" when modem boots up. I never tried this method. Tryyour luck.

4). Download Image file from ISP`s TFTP server.

For doing this got to your command prompt and use below commands with outquotes and bracket.

"C:\tftp -i <ISP`s TFTP server IP> GET <Image filename><local filename>"

Okay now you got Image file from your ISP`s TFTP server.

5). Decrypt the Image file which you downloaded from ISP`s TFTP server

6). Modify the Image file

7). Encrypt the modified Image file

Use docsis tool which you can download from

http://sourceforge.net/projects/docsis

using this program you can decrypt image file change the upload speed anddownload speed ,save it and encrypt back. Rename this newly created file sameas your original image file.

8). Change your computer's TCP configuration same as ISP`s TFTP server (i.e.IP address same as ISP`s TFTP server)

Go to my network place and right click ->properties

Select your LAN Card right click ->property->Internet Protocol (TCP-IP)double click on it and change it to as following values

Configure your TPC's TCP settings as below

IP: 194.*.*.90 (replace with the ISP's TFTP server)

Netmask: 255.255.255.0

Gateway: 192.168.100.1 (replace with your cable modem's IP address)

Note: Gateway should be 192.168.100.1 then only your modem can communicate withcomputer.

9). Host TFTP server in your computer

10). Put Image file in the base directory of your TFTP

11). Restart your modem

Download TFTP Server software and host TFTP server in your computer

You can download TFTP server from:

ftp://ftp.ida.net/pub/wireless/tftpd32.exe

Start TFTPD32 server. Go to Settings and set the Security to None. Increase thetimeout to 20secs and the Max Retransmit to 6. Choose to translate UNIXfilenames. Make sure it's base directory point to where the isrr.bin is (i.e.the image file which you modified). If you need to replicate a directory pathnamealong with the image file, then make a directory from root that corresponds tothe image file pathname.

Restart your modem, and AS SOON as the SEND light goes solid, you should see areceive on your TFTP server i.e. your PC

12). Changer your PC's IP back as given by ISP

13). OOPS Done. Start surfing with your new speed

Now you change your TCP settings of your PC back to normal as given by ISP.(I.e. Put your original IP address and gateway)

Oops you hacked your modem. Test out by downloading some files using DAP(Download accelerator plus)

Note: This speed will remain same until you restart your cable modem. So eachtime you reboot your modem you have to follow the steps 8,9,10,11 and 12

Standard WLAN 802.11 disahkan oleh IEEE pada tahun 1997. Standardini berlaku untuk kecepatan 1 Mbps dan 2MBps. Standard ini difokuskanpada lapisan 1 dan 2 dari model OSI yaitu physical layer dan data linklayer. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kecepatan yang lebih tinggi maka padatahun 1999 dikeluarkan standar 802.11b dengan kecepatan 5.5Mbps dan11Mbps.

Keuntungan Penggunaan Wireless

Dunia usaha dalam berbagai ukuran sangat beruntung denganmengoperasikan sistem WLAN yang mampu memberikan kombinasi yang baikantara truput yan mendekati jaringan kabel, akses mobile, dankonfigurasi yang fleksible. Keuntungan ekonomis yang akan diperolehdapat mencapai US$16,000 / user (di US) ? di ukur dari produktifitaspekerja, effisiensi organisasi, keuntungan, dan penghematan biaya ? dibandingkan alternatif menggunakan kabel. Beberapa keuntungan utama WLANadalah:

Mobilitas yang akan meningkatkan produktifitas dengan aksesreal-time terhadap informasi, tidak peduli lokasi pekerja, agar lebihcepat & lebih effisien dalam pengambilan keputusan.Setup jaringan lebih cost effective daripada lokasi yang sulit dipasang kabel seperti gedung tua atau bangunan dengan tembok yang masif.Pengurangan cost of ownership ? terutama di lingkungan yang dinamisyang membutuhkan modifikasi yang sangat sering ? kita harus berterimakasih karena sedikitnya wiring dan biaya instalasi per alat dan peruser.WLAN memerdekakan user dari ketergantungan pada akses kabel kebackbone jaringan, memberikan mereka akses jaringan kapan saja, dimanasaja. Kebebasan untuk roaming ini memberikan banyak keuntungan dalamberbagai lingkungan pekerjaan, seperti:Akses informasi secara langsung di samping tempat tidur pasien bagi dokter & staff rumah sakit.Kemudahan, akses jaringan secara real-time untuk auditor / konsultan on-site.Kemudahan akses database bagi supervisor yang bergerak, sepertimanager di production line, auditor gudang, maupun engineer dikonstruksi.Membuat konfigurasi jaringan lebih simpel tanpa perlu keterlibatanorang MIS untuk setup sementara seperti di pameran atau ruangkonferensi.Akses yang lebih cepat kepada informasi tentang pelanggan olehvendor / retailer yang menyebabkan perbaikan layanan pelanggan danperbaikan customer satisfaction.Akses ke jaringan yang tidak terikat pada lokasi bagi administratorjaringan, untuk kemudahan dukungan on-site pada saat troubleshooting& support.Akses real-time bagi pertemuan-pertemuan kelompok belajar untuk siswa / mahasiswa.Oleh karena itu kelebihan yang ditawarkan oleh WLAN, terutamaprotable, kemudahan instalasi and kepraktisan. Faktor yang sangatmenarik dari WLAN adalah kemudahan, karena dia memungkinkanfleksibilitas dan roaming. Seorang user tidak harus terikat dalamsebuah LAN, dia dapat bergerak tanpa perlu terputus hubungankomunikasinya. Di samping itu, WLAN juga mudah untuk di instalasi,untuk membangun seluruh jaringan dibutuhkan waktu beberapa jam saja dibandingkan beberapa hari jika kita menggunakan kabel. Juga, WLAN dapatdi instalasi di daerah dimana rewriring tidak memungkinkan. Sistemtanpa kabel ini dapat di instalasi di berbagai lingkungan, dan userdapat berkomunikasi dengan jaringan yang menggunakan kabel melaluiaccess point (AP) atau wireless adapter.

Konfigurasi WLAN

WLAN terdiri dari 2 perangkat yaitu:

Wireless Station (WS) : dekstop, laptop maupun PDA yang dilengkapi dengan wireless NIC Access Point (AP) : berfungsi sebagai bridge antara jaringan LAN konvensional dan WLANTerdapat 2 jenis mode operasi WLAN yaitu:

Infrastucture Mode, terdiri dariBasic Service Set (BSS), hanya terdapat satu Access Point Extented Service Set (ESS), dua BSS atau lebih membentuk satu buah subnet Ad-hoc Mode, terdiri dari beberapa wireless station yang berkomunikasi secara langsung (peer-to-peer) tanpa menggunakan AP.

Infrastucture Mode

Ad-hoc Mode

Koneksi dalam BSS

Proses terbentuknya koneksi dari WS ke AP dalam suatu BSS adalah sebagai berikut:

AP mengirim sinyal beacon yang berisi SSID (Service SetIdentifier). SSID merupakan setting di AP yang digunakan mengelompokkanWS dalam suatu segmen jaringan. Hanya WS yang mengetahui SSID tersebutyang dapat bergabung dalam jaringan tersebut. SSID dapat dianggapsebagai shared password. Ketika WS berada dalam daerah cakupan sebuah atau beberapa AP,maka WS akan memilih salah satu AP berdasarkan kuat sinyal dan errorrate yang diterima. Secara periodik WS akan memantau untuk mengetahuisinyal yang paling kuat. Jika ditemukan maka WS akan memilih AP yangbaru tersebut. Untuk bergabung dalam jaringan, maka WS harus melakukan koneksi keAP. WS harus menyebutkan SSID yang sesuai untuk bergabung dengan APyang telah dipilih tersebut. Beberapa AP yang memiliki SSID yang samaakan membentuk ESS. Beberapa NIC WS bisa diset SSID nya dengan Any atau * (asterik)sehingga dia dapat bergabung dengan AP mana saja yang paling kuatsinyalnya tanpa mempedulikan SSID.Sinyal WLAN

WLAN menggunakan sinyal radio pada frekuensi 2.4Ghz. Dalamimplementasi WLAN, letak AP diatur sedemikian sehingga hanya memilikicakupan tertentu yaitu wilayah operasi pemakai WLAN yang sah misalnyasatu lantai tertentu dalam suatu gedung. Namun sinyal radio ini dapatmerambat menembus dinding dan lantai bangunan meskipun sinyal menjadilemah. Dengan demikian sangat mungkin sinyal tersebut keluar daridaerah cakupan yang semestinya. Luberan sinyal ini dapat merambatkeluar sampai beberapa ratus meter dari gedung apalagi jika APdiletakkan tanpa memperhatikan masalah luberan sinyal ini misalnyaditempatkan dekat dengan jendela yang menghadap luar gedung.

Dengan menggunakan antena terarah (directional) dan kalau perlumenggunakan penguat sinyal sinyal radio (RF amplifier) maka sinyalradio yang telah lemah tadi dapat ditangkap kembali pada tempat yangrelatif jauh.

www.000webhost.com merupakan layanan webhosting gratis yang mempunyai : * 250 MB disk space, 100 GB data transfer untuk website, emails dan databases. Server terkoneksi 10mbps internet lines, dan kita mendapat 100 GB data transfer secara gratis. * Support PHP dan MySQL, antara lain : o PHP mail() function and Sendmail o Curl, GD2 library, ImageMagick, Zend o fopen() and PHP sockets o safe_mode is OFF, file uploads ON o Zend Optimizer support, Ioncube loader.. dll * cPanel untuk control panelnya. Sangat mudah dan cocok untuk pemula. Interactive help, video tutorials akan memandu kita. cPanel biasa digunakan pada host berbayar, tetapi disini kita mendapatkannya secara gratis! * Fantastico Autoinstatler untuk mempermudah install scripts seperti : Drupal, Geeklog, Joomla, Xoops, WordPress, b2evolution, Support Logic Helpdesk, phpBB2, SMF, OS Commerce, ViPER Guestbook, Coppermine Photo Gallery, PhpWiki, PHPauction, WebCalendar dll. * SiteReptile untuk mempermudah pembuatan website hanya dengan 3 langkah (enter your login details, select one of 330 high quality templates dan click ‘publish’;). Dan website akan siap online untuk editing. Cara membuat website : * Bagi yang belum punya account di 000webhost silahkan daftar DISINI. Bagi yang sudah punya, silahkan login di account webhost kamu. * Bagi yang baru mendaftar maka akan langsung disuguhi form pendaftaran yang salah satu isinya adalah kita disuruh untuk memasukkan domain yang kita inginkan. Ada 2 pilihan domain yang akan kita pakai, yg pertama “I want to host my own domain” yaitu dengan menggunakan domain yang sudah kita beli (biasanya nama domainnya “www.domain.com” / “www.domain.net” dll) , yang kedua “or, I will choose your free subdomain” yaitu dengan menggunakan sub domain gratisan yang dari webhosting tsb (biasanya nama domainnya “www.domain.net78.net”, “www.domain.890m.com” * Kemudian isikan data2 yang diminta di kolom2 yang lain, trus klik tombol “Create My Account” * Masuk ke “Enter Control Pannel”. Membuat Website di www.000webhost.com Membuat Website di www.000webhost.com * Pembuatan website, ada 2 cara yaitu dengan menggunakan Website Builder atau Fantastico Autoinstaller. Disini kami sarankan memakai Fantastico Autoinstaller karena mempunyai banyak kemudahan-kemudahan. * Fantastico Autoinstaller terdapat banyak pilihan : o Wordpress o b2evolution o Joomla! o Drupal o phpWebSite o phpBB o SMF (Simple Machines Forum) o Coppermine Untuk cara install wordpress dengan domain co.cc, lihat di “Instal Wordpress dengan Domain Gratis dan Hosting Gratis